and other motion picture studios that involved compressing HD content onto dual-layer DVD-9 discs. In March 2002, the forum voted to approve a proposal endorsed by Warner Bros.
Although today's Blu-ray Discs appear virtually identical to a standard DVD, when the Blu-ray Discs were initially developed they required a protective caddy to avoid mis-handling by the consumer (early CD-Rs also featured a protective caddy for the same purpose.) The Blu-ray Disc prototype's caddy was both expensive and physically different from DVD, posing several problems. The DVD Forum (chaired by Sony) was deeply split over whether to go with the more expensive blue lasers or not. In February 2002, the project was officially announced as Blu-ray Disc, and the Blu-ray Disc Association was founded by the nine initial members. The two formats share several technologies (such as the AV codecs and the laser diode).
Sony started two projects applying the new diodes: UDO (Ultra Density Optical) and DVR Blue together with Philips, a format of rewritable discs which would eventually become Blu-ray Disc (more specifically, BD-RE) and later on with Pioneer a format of read only discs (BD-ROM). Origins and competition from Blu-ray Disc Shuji Nakamura invented practical blue laser diodes, but a lengthy patent lawsuit delayed commercial introduction. It was well known that using lasers with shorter wavelengths would yield optical storage with higher density. JVC's D-VHS and Sony's HDCAM formats could store that amount of data, but were neither popular nor well-known. In the late 1990s, commercial HDTV sets started to enter a larger market, but there was no inexpensive way to record or play back HD content.
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